Java Literals - The Coding Shala

Home >> Learn Java >> Java Literals

Java Literals

Java literals are constant values that we assigned to the variables called literals or constant. For example - 

1
2
int var = 10;
//here 10 is integer literal.

Java Literals - The Coding Shala

Integer Literals

Any Whole number value is an integer literal. For example 1,2, 3, 4, 32, etc all are integer literals. In java decimal values(base 10), octal(base 8) and hexadecimal(base 16) can be used as integer literals.



octal literals


In Java, Octal values are denoted by a leading zero and range is 0 to (base 8). For example 05, 06, 045, etc. are octal literals and 09  will give an error it's not octal(9 is not in range) or decimal.  

decimal literals


In Java Decimal literals cannot have a leading zero and range is 0 to 9(base 10). For example 10, 25, 78 etc.

hexadecimal literals


In Java, Hexadecimal literals start with leading zero-x (0x or 0X) and the range of a hexadecimal digit is 0 to 15(base 16). For 10 to 15 we use A to F(or a to f) like 10 is represented by A, 11 is B and 15 is F. Examples of hexadecimal literals are 0x023A, 0X09C, etc.



Binary Literals


If literals start with 0b or 0B then it is binary literals and allowed digits are 0 and 1. For examples 0b1111,0B1001 etc.



In Java, integer literals create an int value. Whenever a literal value is assigned to a byte or short no error will generate if a literal value is within the range of the type. To assign integer literal to a long variable we have to append 'L' or 'l' to the literal. For example, 2327462373286l, 0x2248ADL, etc. we can also assign an integer literal to char within its range like char a = 67;



Floating-point literals


Floating-point numbers(real numbers) have decimal values with a fractional component. In Java, floating-point literals to double precision. To specify a float literal we have to append 'F' or 'f' to the literal. We can also specify a double literal by appending 'D' or 'd' to the literals. For examples- 

1
2
flolat ft = 34.233f;
double = 343.33432;

Boolean Literals

Boolean literals can have two values true and false. In Java, the value true is not equal to 1 and value false is not equal to the 0. Boolean literals can only be assigned to the variables declared as a boolean data type. For example - 

boolean a = true;
boolean b = false;
boolean aa = 1; //will give error

Character Literals

In Java, characters are represented by Unicode. A literal character is represented inside a pair of a single quote like char a = 'A' or can be converted into integers and we can use integer operators on that, such as addition and subtraction operators.  For char data type we can specify literals in the following ways - 

Single Quote 

We can specify literals to char as a single character inside a pair of a single quote. 

char ch = 'X';
char ch1 = 'a';

Integral literal 

we can specify char literal as integral literal within its range(0 to 65535). These integral literals can be specified in decimal, octal, and hexadecimal forms. 

char ch = 97;
char ch1 = 062;

Unicode Representation

We can specify char literals in Unicode representation. To represent in Unicode we use '\uxxxx'. Here xxxx represents 4 hexadecimal numbers. 

char ch = '\u0061';  // here /u0061 represent a.

Escape Sequence

The escape character can be specified as char literals. The following is Character Escape Sequence - 
Java Escape Sequence - The Coding Shala

String Literals

Any sequence of characters within double quotes is treated as String literals. Examples of string literals are - 

String str = "Hello World";

The following Java Program will explain literals - 

public class DataTypeExample{
    public static void main(String args[]){
    int it = 45; //in decimal
    int it1 = 0100; //octal 
    int it2 = 0xA;  //Hexadecimal
    int it3 = 0b1111;  //boolean
    System.out.println("This is an integer literal in decimal: " + it);
    System.out.println("This is an integer literal in octal: " + it1);
    System.out.println("This is an integer literal in hexadecimal: " + it2);
    System.out.println("This is an integer literal in boolen: " + it3);
    
    long distance = 27452937356723l; //to declare long we have to append 'l' or 'L'
    System.out.println("This is long type distance : " + distance);
    
    float ft = 3.14f;
    //in Java floating point default to double precision
    //to specify float we have to append 'f' or 'F'.
    System.out.println("This is float type ft: " + ft);
    
    double dt = 3.14;
    System.out.println("This is double type dt: " + dt);
    
    char ch1 = 'X';
    char ch2 = 66;
    char ch3 = '\u0061';
    System.out.println("This is char ch1 : " + ch1);
    System.out.println("This is char ch2 : " + ch2);
    System.out.println("This is char ch3 : " + ch3);
    
    boolean b1 = true;
    if(b1){
        System.out.println("This is boolean b1 with having value " + b1);
    }
    
    String name = "Akshay Saini";
    String hello = "Hello \n There";
    System.out.println(name);
    System.out.println(hello);
 }
}



Output>>>>>>>>>>>>
This is an integer literal in decimal: 45
This is an integer literal in octal: 64
This is an integer literal in hexadecimal: 10
This is an integer literal in boolen: 15
This is long type distance : 27452937356723
This is float type ft: 3.14
This is double type dt: 3.14
This is char ch1 : X
This is char ch2 : B
This is char ch3 : a
This is boolean b1 with having value true
Akshay Saini
Hello 
 There

Point to Remember: We can use underScore(_) in numeric Literals. If our number contains many digits, we can use an underscore character to separate digits.
public class UnderScore{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int num = 2_00_00;
        float ff = 3.00_555_333f;
        System.out.println("number is "+num);
        System.out.println("float is  "+ff);
    }
}


<<<<<<<Output>>>>>>
number is 20000
float is  3.0055532



Other Posts You May Like
Please leave a comment below if you like this post or found some error, it will help me to improve my content.
By

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Posts from this Blog

Java Program to Convert Binary to Decimal - The Coding Shala

Home >> Java Programs >> Convert Binary to Decimal  Hey there, welcome back to another post. In this post, we will learn how to convert Binary to Decimal in Java. Java Program to Convert Binary to Decimal You have given a binary number, convert it to a decimal number. Example:  Input: 101 Output: 5 Input: 111 Output: 7 Binary to Decimal Conversion in Java Approach We will the below formula to convert binary to decimal: decimal number = (2^0) * (rightmost digit) + (2^1) * (second rightmost digit) + ...  for example:  binary number = 110 decimal number = 2^0 * 0 + 2^1 * 1 + 2^2 * 1 = 1 * 0 + 2 * 1 + 4 * 1 = 0 + 2 + 4 = 6 Java Program:  import java.util.Scanner; /** * https://www.thecodingshala.com/ */ public class Main { public static void printDecimal( int num) { int decimal = 0; int twos = 1; // 2^0 = 1 initial value while (num > 0) { ...
Read more

Shell Script to Create a Simple Calculator - The Coding Shala

Home >> Scripting >> simple calculator Shell Script to Create a Simple Calculator Write a shell script to create a simple calculator using a switch-case statement? Code:  #! / bin / bash echo "simple calculator" sum = 0 i = "y" echo "enter first number" read n1 echo "enter second number" read n2 while [ $ i = "y" ] do echo "1.Addition" echo "2.Subtraction" echo "3.Multiplication" echo "4.Division" echo "Enter choice" read ch case $ch in 1 ) sum =$(echo " $n1 + $n2" | bc - l) echo "Addition is =" $ sum ;; 2 ) sum =$(echo "$n1 - $n2" | bc - l) echo "Sub is =" $ sum ;; 3 ) sum =$(echo "$n1 * $n2" | bc - l) echo "Mul is =" $ sum ;; 4 ) sum =$(echo "$n1 / $n2" | bc - l) echo "div is =" $ sum ;; * )echo "invalid choice" esac echo "Do y...
Read more

N-th Tribonacci Number Solution - The Coding Shala

Home >> Programming >> N-th Tribonacci Number  Hey there, welcome back to another post. In this post, we will learn how to solve the N-th Tribonacci Number problem and will implement its solution in Java. N-th Tribonacci Number Problem Statement The Tribonacci sequence Tn is defined as follows: T0 = 0, T1 = 1, T2 = 1, and Tn+3 = Tn + Tn+1 + Tn+2 for n >= 0. Given n, return the value of Tn.  Example 1:  Input: n = 4 Output: 4 Explanation: T_3 = 0 + 1 + 1 = 2 T_4 = 1 + 1 + 2 = 4 N-th Tribonacci Number Java Solution using Bottom-Up DP This problem is similar to the Fibonacci series. We can solve it using the Bottom-Up approach of dynamic programming. Time Complexity: O(n) Space Complexity: O(n) The space complexity can be reduced to O(1) by using variables to store the previous three values instead of using an array. Java Program:  class Solution { public int tribonacci( int n) { if (n == 0) return 0; ...
Read more

LeetCode - Shuffle the Array Solution - The Coding Shala

Home >> LeetCode >> Shuffle the Array  In this post, we will learn how to solve LeetCode's Shuffle the Array problem and will implement its solution in Java. Shuffle the Array Given the array nums consisting of 2n elements in the form [x1,x2,...,xn,y1,y2,...,yn]. Return the array in the form [x1,y1,x2,y2,...,xn,yn]. Example 1: Input: nums = [2,5,1,3,4,7], n = 3 Output: [2,3,5,4,1,7]  Explanation: Since x1=2, x2=5, x3=1, y1=3, y2=4, y3=7 then the answer is [2,3,5,4,1,7]. Example 2: Input: nums = [1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1], n = 4 Output: [1,4,2,3,3,2,4,1] Practice this problem on LeetCode: Click Here. Shuffle the Array Java Solution Approach 1: Using a new Array. Space complexity: O(n). Java Program:  class Solution { public int [] shuffle ( int [] nums , int n ) { int [] ans = new int [ 2 * n ]; int j = 0 ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < 2 * n ; i = i + 2 ){ ans [ i ] = nums [ j ]; ans...
Read more

Java Program to Find GCD or HCF of Two Numbers - The Coding Shala

Home >> Java Programs >> Find GCD of Two Numbers  Hey there, welcome back to another post. In this post, we will learn how to find GCD or HCF of Two Numbers in Java. Java Program to Find GCD or HCF of Two Numbers The GCD (Greatest Common Divisor) or HCF (Highest Common Factor) of two numbers is the largest number that divides both of them. For example:  Number1: 6 (2 * 3) Number2: 9 (3 * 3) GCD or HCF of 6 and 9 is: 3 Find GCD of Two Numbers in Java using for Loop As we already know, GCD is the largest number that divides both numbers. We can start a for loop from 1 (because 1 divides all the numbers) to both numbers and if it divides both numbers then update GCD. Java Program:  import java.util.Scanner; /** * https://www.thecodingshala.com/ */ public class Main { public static void findGCD( int num1, int num2) { int gcd = 1; if (num1 == 0) { gcd = num2; } if (num2 == 0) { ...
Read more